Tsawon shekaru da dama, tambayar su waye ainihin masu Jos da kuma wa ya cancanci a kira ɗan asalin yankin ta kasance jigon muhawarorin siyasa, saɓanin ra’ayoyin al’umma da kuma takaddamar tarihi a Jihar Filato. A wannan rahoto, CHOLLOM LOGWOM ya waiwayi muhimman hukunce-hukuncen kotuna, rahotannin kwamitocin bincike, fararen takardun gwamnati da yarjejeniyoyin zaman lafiya da suka taka muhimmiyar rawa wajen fayyace matsayin hukuma kan kasancewar kabilun Berom, Anaguta da Afizere a matsayin asalin mutanen Jos, tare da bayyana bambanci tsakanin haƙƙin zama ɗan ƙasa da kuma ikirarin mallakar ƙasa bisa asalinta
Batun mallakar Jos da kuma matsayin waɗanda ake kira ‘yan asalin yankin ya kasance abin da kwamitocin bincike daban-daban, fararen takardun gwamnati da kuma hukunce-hukuncen kotuna suka dade suna dubawa tsawon shekaru.
Ɗaya daga cikin muhimman hukunce-hukuncen shari’a kan wannan batu ya fito ne daga Babbar Kotun Jihar Filato a shari’ar Agwom Atang Azi & Another v. The Governor of Plateau State & 4 Others, mai lamba PLD/J 334/2003, wadda Mai Shari’a Y. B. Nimpar ta yanke a ranar 13 ga Fabrairu, 2009. A lokacin ita ce Alƙaliyar Babbar Kotu, kafin daga baya ta zama Alƙaliyar Kotun Ɗaukaka Ƙara.
Agwom Atang Azi da wani mai ƙara ne suka shigar da ƙarar a kan Gwamnan Jihar Filato da wasu mutum huɗu.
Manufar ƙarar ita ce neman kotu ta tabbatar da kuma ta tilasta aiwatar da sakamakon binciken kwamitocin da gwamnati ta kafa kan rikice-rikicen Jos da kuma fararen takardun gwamnati da suka biyo bayan rahotannin.
Ɗaya daga cikin muhimman abubuwan da kotun ta tabbatar, kamar yadda aka kawo kai tsaye daga shafi na 22 na hukuncin, ya ce: “Wata hujja da aka tabbatar ita ce kabilu uku na Berom, Anaguta da Afizere su ne kabilun asalin Jos ta Arewa. Hakan ya fito fili daga shaidun da dukkan shaidu suka bayar, da kuma Exhibit 2 wanda ke da ƙarfin doka.”
Ɗaya daga cikin muhimman takardun da aka dogara da su yayin sauraron shari’ar ita ce Exhibit 2, wadda aka sani da suna Plateau Resolves, wato Rahoton Taron Zaman Lafiya na Dukkan Kabilun Jihar Filato na shekarar 2004. An wallafa wannan takarda a cikin Gazet mai lamba ta 2 na ranar 11 ga Nuwamba, 2004.
A cewar shafuka na 30 da 31 na rahoton da aka wallafa a Gazet, an bayyana ɗan asalin Jos a matsayin mutumin da kakanninsa suka kasance mazauna Jos tun zamanin da ba a iya tuna farkonsa.
Rahoton ya amince a sarari cewa Afizere, Anaguta da Berom (Birom) su ne kabilu uku na asalin Jos, inda aka jero sunayensu bisa tsarin haruffan Ingilishi. Sauran kabilu, ciki har da Hausawa da Fulani, an amince da su a matsayin ‘yan ƙasar Jos, amma ba a bayyana su a matsayin ‘yan asalin yankin ba.
Amincewar kotu da sakamakon binciken da dka yi tun farko
Yayin da take yanke hukunci, kotun ta amince da sakamakon bincike da shawarwarin kwamitocin bincike daban-daban da aka kafa a baya domin binciken rikice-rikicen da suka dinga faruwa a Jos da sauran sassan Jihar Filato, da kuma fararen takardun gwamnati da suka amince da waɗannan shawarwari.
Daga cikin kwamitocin da aka ambata akwai Kwamitin Aribiton Fiberesima da aka kafa bayan rikicin Jos na shekarar 1994, Kwamitin Niki Tobi da ya binciki rikicin Jos na 2001, Kwamitin Bola Ajibola kan rikicin shekarar 2008 da kuma Taron Zaman Lafiya na Filato na 2004 wanda rahotonsa ya zama sananne da suna Plateau Resolves.
Sakamakon binciken waɗannan kwamitoci ya ci gaba da jaddada cewa Afizere, Anaguta da Berom su ne kabilun asalin Jos da Jos ta Arewa.
Duk da cewa rahotannin sun amince da haƙƙoƙin kundin tsarin mulki na dukkan ‘yan Najeriya da ke zaune a Jos, sun bambanta tsakanin haƙƙin zama ɗan ƙasa da kuma ikirarin mallakar ƙasa bisa asalin kakanni.
Rahotannin sun kuma amince cewa Hausawa da Fulani da sauran al’ummomin da suka yi ƙaura zuwa Jos sun zauna a yankin tsawon shekaru masu yawa kuma suna da cikakken haƙƙi da kariyar da Kundin Tsarin Mulkin Tarayyar Najeriya ya tanada.
Sai dai rahotannin ba su ba su matsayin ‘yan asalin yankin dangane da ikirarin mallakar ƙasa ta gado ba.
Fararen takardun gwamnati da aka fitar bayan kwamitocin sun amince da waɗannan sakamakon bincike tare da ba da shawarar a wallafa rahotannin kuma a bai wa jama’a damar karanta su domin samar da zaman lafiya, fahimtar juna da kuma fayyace gaskiya.
Daga baya sakamakon binciken Kwamitin Aribiton Fiberesima ya zama batun shari’a. Hakimin Gundumar Du ya kalubalanci sahihancin kwamitin da yadda ya gudanar da aikinsa a gaban Babbar Kotun Jihar Filato a shari’a mai lamba PLD/J382/91.
A ranar 6 ga Afrilu, 1996, Babbar Kotun ta yi watsi da ƙalubalen tare da yanke hukuncin cewa Gwamnan Jihar Filato yana da ikon doka na kafa kwamitin bincike.
Tabbatarwar Kotun Koli
Daga nan aka ɗaukaka ƙarar zuwa Kotun Ɗaukaka Ƙara ta Jos a ƙarƙashin shari’a mai lamba CA/J/76/99. A ranar 22 ga Nuwamba, 2000, Kotun Ɗaukaka Ƙarar ta tabbatar da hukuncin Babbar Kotun.
Daga bisani aka kai rikicin zuwa Kotun Koli ta Najeriya. A hukuncin da aka yanke ranar 24 ga Afrilu, 2009, Kotun Koli ta tabbatar da hukunce-hukuncen Babbar Kotu da kuma Kotun Ɗaukaka Ƙara.
Mai Shari’a Walter Samuel Nkanu Onnoghen, JSC, wanda daga baya ya zama Babban Alƙalin Najeriya, shi ne ya jagoranci rubuta hukuncin. Sauran alƙalan da suka zauna a zaman sun haɗa da Justice Mahmud Mohammed, JSC, da wasu.
Hukuncin Mai Shari’a Yargata Nimpar ya ɗauki sakamakon binciken kwamitocin daban-daban a matsayin hujjojin da aka tabbatar kuma doka ta amince da su. Hukuncin ya ƙara tabbatar da cewa Berom, Anaguta da Afizere suna da matsayin ‘yan asalin Jos ta Arewa tare da haƙƙoƙin gargajiya da suka shafi wannan matsayi.
Har ila yau, hukuncin ya yi daidai da shawarwarin da wasu kwamitoci suka bayar a baya. Misali, Kwamitin Niki Tobi ya shawarci al’ummar Hausawa da Fulani da su “amince da cewa Jos mallakin kabilun Afizere, Anaguta da Berom ne” a matsayin wani ɓangare na ƙoƙarin samar da zaman tare cikin lumana da kuma dawwamammen zaman lafiya a Jos da Jihar Filato.
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